Gas engine valve



Aug. 23, 1932. M. J. MORAN GAS 'ENGINE VALVE Filed ocu 2. 192s lNvEH"rolv ATTQRNEYS Patented Aug. 23, 1932 UNITED y s'rAvrEsA lsvaoljzPATENT oEElgcE MICHAEL J. MORAN, oF MonRIsToWN, NEW JERSEY GAS'Encritivia VALVE` Applicaton'led October 2, 1929. .Serial No. 396,664.

controlling the exhaust of the burned gasesfrom the engine cylinder,both intake and exhaust valves being driven by the engine crank shaft.

Another object of this inventionis to provide .means for lubricating thevalve mechanism described, which comprises over-sup plying the valveswith lubricant, the latter being supplied continuously in greater quan-2D` tity than is necessary, whereby eiiicient and sufcient lubricationis obtained at all times. These and other objects of thisv invention areobtained in va preferred embodiment thereof, which comprises intake andexhaust 2B valves of the trunk or cylinder type placed on ,oppositesides of the cylinder which they serve and being driven'directly bymeans of spur gears from the crank-shaft of the engine. The valves aresupplied with oil from so their own reservoir, sothat the lubricatingoilis always good, being uncontaminated by grit, carbon {iakes,etc., ywhichfound in the crank case oil.

For a better understanding of the invention, reference is made to theaccompanying drawings, inV which Figure 1 is a vertical section, partlyschematic, of a piston valve engine embodying my invention as seenalong'the line 1 1 of Fig. 2, during the intake stroke;

take piston of Fig.V 1; i

Fig.

and

Fig.`4 is an'enlarged'fragmentary `view of one ofthe piston valvesshowing the oilseal ring. A e c e In the drawing, numeral 10` designates50 Vthe engine block having a series of vcylinders A' chamfered at theirupper innersurfaces to forman oil collecting groove 41, which com- Fig.2is a vertical section'through the in-` valve as seen along the line `3-43V 3 is ya plan view of the new engine,v

11, corresponding pistons 12, and a common Y crank shaft 13 to whicheach `piston 12 isV connected bythe connecting rod 14. 'Each cylinder isfitted with therusual spark plug 15,` the intake port 13 and the exhaustport 17. v

Adjacent opposite sides of the engine'cylinder l12 are the valvecylinders 18 and 1 9, the former containing the intake valve and thelatter the exhaust valve 21. These valves are cylindrical pistons andaredriven from the engine crank shaft 13, the intake valve 20` beingconnected by connecting rod 22l to an v 'individual crank-shaft 23rotating in noil resl 65 ervoir 24 and'having itsconnected spur gear 25driven by the spur gear 26 of engine crank shaft 13. The engineVcrankshaftgear v26V also drives the gear 28l of crank-shaft 29, which isconnected to exhaustpiston 21 `by connecting rod 30 and rotates invoilreservoir 31.` Cover plates 53 permit accessto the valvecrank-shafts 23 and 28. v

The intake valve 20 is generally of the trunk type, but has an oblongdiametral port`32 which is adapted to register onone side with theintake port 16 of the engine cylinder 11, and at its opposite side withthe intake passage 33 through the water cooling jacket 34, and connectedto the carburetor by connections not shown. Between the headl35 and theceiling 36 of the piston 20 is an oil reservoir 37 Vwhich dischargesthroughpassagesV 38 around port 32 into the bell and from there into thereservoir 24 below. The 1 head35 and skirt 39 of the vpiston 20 areVequipped with the oil rings 40 and 40, re-

spectively, which are shownin greater detail Y in enlarged Fig. 4.lTheseA oil rings 40 are sey = 'oil reservoir 24.

sion strokes of the engine piston 12, thus preventing all leakage of gasinto the valve chambers. Inasmuch as the eXhaust valve 21 is constructedin exactly the same Way as i the intake valve 2() just described, itWill not f' connection with the crank-shaft 13' of the enn gine or thelike. These. oil pumps e5 andere through pipes 46. .and 46 inject oilunder pressure into tanks 47 and 47 located immediately above int-alievalve 2,0 and exhaust valve 2l, respectively, It will be seen that 'thecylinders 18 and 19 in which respective valves 2 0, and l2l move, areheadless and serve as broathers to relieve the pressure and. suctioncreated. by the movement of these piston T valves..

The tanks. 47 and 47 are closed. by @over plates. t8 and 48',respectively, which are readily removable for access vto the valvechambers. Mounted upon the under sides of respective cover plates 4,8and 4:8 are screens 49 and 49" against, which the oil injected by pipes46 impinges. .A portion of this oil passes through these screens andfalls into sumps 50. and 505, from which it flows through respectivedown pipes 5l and 5l into oil reservoirs 24 and 3l' respectively,Cooling the head of engine cylinder ll and the Walls of valve cylinders1.8 and 19.

The remainder of the oil, which was.

caught by screens 49 and 49', drips downwardly therefrom upon the headsof valve pistons 2O and 21, beine retained thereon. because of thesurrounding; walls of. the valve cylinders during the downward andupward strokes, of the corresponding valves. until at the highest pointof their upward stroke the headset the pistons lie flush with the upperrim of their cylinders, whereupon the oil rcmaining thereon flows offintol sumps 5.0 and 50', However, the majority of this oil creeps alongthe cylinder Wall to be collected by oil rings 40, from which the oilpasses through oil holes 42 intooil reservoir 37, oil passages 38 andthrough. the bell .of the valve inte the Some of this oil is trapped inwell 37 because the .openings to oil psssages 38 are placed above thebottom thereof, and this trapped .oil cools the port of the valve, thisbeing especially effective Ain eX- haust valve 2l. The oil flowing`through the oil holes 38 cools the port at its sides. Smllarly, the.oil collected by .oil ring .40 in the skirt of lthe valve, flowsythrough loil holes .42" into reservoir 24, In this Way apoyen-,sup-

pb7 of oil is provided whereby ,a thoroughY lubrication of the cylindervalves is provided. The lower ends of the valve cylinders 18 and 19 andvalves 2O and 21 are lubricated by the splash of their respective crankshafts 23 and 29.

Th-e operation of the7 valve mechanism and the lubricating meanstherefor will be apparent from the foregoing description thereof. Itwill be seen that the new valve mechanism has many important advantages.Among these advantages are the decreased number of parts as compared topresent valve mechanisms, long' life because of effective lubricationand freedom from excessive heat, the only part of the valves which issubjected to the flame, during- .the ring stroke being 'the rings 43.,The valves are light and ,inexpensive to manufacture and require noadjustment nor are there any parte which are liable to breakage,deteriora-tion, or wieessivey Wear, such as springs, rockers, poppets,or the like. Furthermore, .the intake and exhaust paths of the gases aredirect and unobstructed bvl valve heads., stems or the-like,tln1sallowing .shorter intake and exhaast. periodsand assuring yeonfipleteCharge ine; and scavenging, a

While av preferred 4eniloodinse.nt of. this vention has been illustratedand described herein, .it is to be understood that. .the .inven tion isnot limited thereby, but is susceptible of many variations in forni and.detail Wthf in its For example, While each engine cylinder has been.illustrated es 'equipped with separate Jnatalie and exhaust vel-ves, asingle pistonv valve ofthe type described hevf ing intake and exhaustports. or employing a single port for both intake and, exhaust, vvill.be found preeteel upon smaller bore enf gines- I claim:

l, 1n an internal v@whilstion engine having a ges W ber thereot, thecombination o a slide valve bevi. a port adapted to register with seidCylindger port., Passages in said valve surrounding the seid portthereof for eenling the same, and a pump for continuously supply.- ng acooling vfluid to seid Passages.

2. In an internal eombnstion engine hevf ing a gas port in the Wall ,Ofthe eggplosion Chamber thereof?, the combination of e slide valve havinga port. adapted to register with said .cylinder port, oil tanks at. theopposite ends of travel lo fsaid valve, and means driven by said enginefor applying oil from seid tanks to the .corresponding ends of seidvelve- 3. In an internal combustion engine hav: ing a Agas port in thewall of the explosion chamber thereof, the combination of a slide valvehaving a port adapted to register with said .cylinder port, said valvehaving longitu-` dinal oil passages around said valve port, ,an oilter-1k, .and means driven by the engine for continuously transferringoil rein said tank ,in the well .of the es lesion ehemf to the head ofsaid valve for flow through the passages thereof. 4. In an internalcombustion engine having a gas port in the wall of the explosion chamberthereof, the combination of a hollow slide valve having a port adaptedto register with said cylinder port, said valve being arranged forvertical movement and having perforated walls for collecting oil, an oilreservoir at the lower end of travel of said valve, and means driven bythe engine for transferring oil from said reservoir to the head endcfr/said valve. 5. In an internal combustion engine having Va gas portin the wall of the explosion chamber thereof, the combination of a slidevalve having a port adapted to register with said cylinder port, saidvalve being arranged for vertical movement, means supplying oil to thesliding surfaces of said valve, oil collecting grooves in the slidingsurfaces of said valve, and passages from said grooves through theinterior of said valve for discharging the sulplus oil collected by saidgrooves.

6. In an internal combustion engine having a gas port in the wall of theexplosion chamber thereof, the combination of a slide valve having aport adapted to register with said cylinder port, said valve beingarranged for Y vertical movement, means at the top end of travel of saidvalve for deflecting oil upon the head thereof, and means driven by saidengine for forcing oil against said means.

7. In an internal combustion engine having a gas port in the wall of theexplosion chamber thereof, the combination of a slide valve having aport adapted to register with said cylinder port, said valve beingarranged for vertical movement, a vertical screen mounted adjacent thetop end of travel of said valve, and means for directing oil againstsaid screen, whereby a portion thereof passes through said screen and aportion is collected thereby to drip upon the head of said valve.

8. In an internal combustion engine having a gas port in the wall of theexplosion chamber thereof, a slide valve having a port adapted toregister therewith, an oil tank having a communication with said valvemeans for introducing oil into said tank, and a deflector in said tankfor deflecting a. portion of the oil introduced into the tank by saidmeans through said communication to said valve.

9. In an internal combustion engine having an explosion cylinder, avertical valve cylinder adjacent said explosition cylinder, a

piston valve in said valve cylinder for con-v trolling communication toand from said explosion cylinder and driven by the engine, means foroiling the walls of said valve cylinder, an oil reservoir in the valve,oil'collecting rings on the sliding surfaces of said valve,

and connections between said collecting rings and said reservoir,whereby the oil collected by said rings is discharged into saidreservoir.

10. In an internal combustion engine havino an explosion cylinder, avertical valve cylinder adjacent said vexplosion cylinder, a pistonvalve in said valve cylinder for controlling communication to and fromsaid explosion cylinder and driven by the engine, an oil tank in thelower end of said valve cylinder, a chamber above said valve andexplosion cylinder, a screen in said chamber above said valve cylinder,means for directing oil from said tank against said screen, whereby aportion of the oil collects upon said screen and drips upon the head ofsaidcylinder and the remainder of the oil passes throughV said screenand collects in said chamber for cooling said expansion and valvecylinders, and passages from said chamber and through said valve forreturning surplus oil to said tank.

